COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CASHEW NUT COMMODITIES

COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CASHEW NUT COMMODITIES IN CENTRAL JAVA

(Case Study in Wonogiri Regency)

ANALISIS DAYA SAING KOMODITAS METE DI JAWA TENGAH
(Studi Kasus Di Wonogiri)

Erlyna Wida R1, Sri Widodo2, Djuwari3


ABSTRACT
The objective of this research is to know whether there are comparative and competitive advantages of cashew nut in shell in Central Java and constraints to increase export of Indonesian cashew nut and the alternative to solve it. Primary data were collected from cashew fruit farmer in 2002 production process in Wonogiri, Central Java.
The method in this research is using Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) analysis to know the comparative advantages and Competitive Advantage Ratio (CAR) analysis to know the competitive advantages. Sensitivity analysis used to know effect of changed variable to DRCR and CAR value.
The result of this research shows that cashew fruit production in Indonesia are financially and economically still profitable. Both of financially and eonomically, give the profit of Rp 224,153 per hectare and Rp 465,340 per hectare. Cashew nut in shell in Central Java have competitiveness showed comparative and competitive advantage in domestic production with DRCR is 0.75 and CAR is 0.93. In the case of sensitivity analysis, parcially rising social input price (fertilizer, insecticide, labour, rent of land, and exchange rate) until 50% still have comparative advantage but not for exchange rate. Simultaneously, rising social input price until 30% does not have comparative advantage any more. Increasing export tax, together with rising output price and exchange rate are 10% begin to give competitive advantage. The problem to develop cashew nut export is more than half of cashew nut is cashew nut in shell, that the opportunity to increase value added for national economy did not used so good, export of cashew nut is concentrate on only several countries, export volume is fluctuating.

Key words : competitiveness, comparative advantage, competitive advantage
1. Mahasiswa Pasca Sarjana Ekonomi Pertanian, UGM
2. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
3. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Program Studi Ekonomi Pertanian (2003)

Pasca Sarjana Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta